Chow Chow Breed Guide: Temperament, Care and Health

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 17, 20263 min read

The Chow Chow is a sturdy, lion-maned spitz from China with a distinctive blue-black tongue, a scowling expression and a dignified, aloof nature. It is a quiet, clean dog that bonds deeply with its own family.

Origins and appearance

The breed is ancient and is thought to have been kept in China for guarding, hunting and as a companion. Chows are compact and square, with a broad head, a short muzzle, small erect ears, deep-set eyes, a dense double coat in red, black, blue, cinnamon or cream and a tail curled over the back. The coat can be rough or smooth.

Temperament

They are loyal, dignified and independent. They are reserved or aloof with strangers and may be wary of other dogs. They are calm and clean indoors. They are stubborn. They need early, careful socialization. They often bond with one person.

Exercise

They need moderate exercise, such as a couple of walks a day. They are not athletes and overheat easily. Avoid exercise in hot weather.

Training

They are intelligent but stubborn. Use positive, consistent methods and early socialization. Avoid harsh corrections. Do not expect a perfect recall. Handle gently and prepare them for grooming and vet care. See also how to use treats in dog training.

Coat and grooming

The thick coat sheds heavily and needs brushing several times a week, with extra care for the mane and tail. See double coat dog grooming guide. Do not shave the coat. Clean the skin folds, ears and eye area, trim nails and brush teeth.

Health considerations

Topics include:

• Entropion, where eyelids roll inward
• Hip and elbow dysplasia. See hip dysplasia in dogs
• Heat stress. See heatstroke in dogs
• Skin conditions. See dog skin allergies
• Hypothyroidism. See hypothyroidism in dogs
• Gastric torsion. See bloat and GDV in dogs

Living with a Chow Chow

They suit calm, experienced owners who want a quiet, loyal dog and accept aloofness and grooming. They do best in cool climates. They are poorly suited to hot weather, busy households or very young children.

A typical day

A Chow wants a morning walk, a long rest, grooming and an evening stroll. Many are calm indoors and content to watch the household.

Puppies and the first year

Puppies are fluffy and teddy-bear-like, but they need early socialization. Introduce new people, sounds and places gently. Provide chew toys. See puppy socialization checklist.

Costs and commitment

Plan for grooming, vet care and cooling aids. See dog vet cost guide.

Seasons and travel

They tolerate cold well but overheat easily. Provide shade, water and cool resting places. Never leave a Chow in a parked car.

Common mistakes

Common mistakes include skipping socialization, shaving the coat, exercising in heat and allowing unwelcome handling by strangers.

Choosing a puppy or adult

Ask about eye, hip and elbow screening, and meet the parents to assess temperament. Look for a calm, confident adult.

The blue-black tongue

Chows have a blue-black tongue, and a related pigment is often seen on the gums and roof of the mouth. Puppies are born with pink tongues that darken over the first weeks. The trait is a hallmark of the breed, though a few other breeds share it.

Respect their space

Many Chows dislike being hugged or approached by strangers. Teach children to leave the dog alone while eating or resting, and avoid forcing contact. A Chow that feels safe is typically calm and trustworthy.

Daily care checklist

• A short to moderate walk, at cool times.
• Brushing and a check of the skin and folds.
• Wiping the eyes and checking the ears.
• Calm, gentle socialization practice.
• Fresh water and a cool place to rest.

Is it the right breed for you?

A Chow Chow suits calm, experienced owners who want a dignified, quiet and loyal dog and will groom and socialize. It may not suit busy homes with young children or hot climates. For another Asian breed, see the Chinese Shar-Pei.

The takeaway

Chow Chows are dignified, loyal and aloof, and they need early socialization, grooming and cool conditions.