Norwegian Lundehund Breed Guide: Temperament, Care and Health

By Tailwisp Editorial TeamUpdated October 17, 20263 min read

The Norwegian Lundehund is one of the rarest dog breeds in the world, a small spitz with six toes on each foot, extreme flexibility and a unique history. It was bred to climb cliffs and hunt puffins in Norway, and its anatomy shows it.

Origins and appearance

For centuries, farmers on Norwegian islands used Lundehunds to harvest puffins from steep cliffs and narrow crevices. The dogs developed unusual traits, including extra toes for grip, a flexible neck that can bend backward and shoulders that spread wide to squeeze into tight spaces. The breed was nearly lost in the twentieth century, when puffin hunting declined and distemper devastated the population. Today all Lundehunds descend from a small number of dogs. They have a dense double coat in reddish brown, black or gray, with white markings.

Temperament

Lundehunds are lively, alert and affectionate with family. They can be wary of strangers and are protective. They tend to be curious and agile. They can bark and are inclined to dig. They generally get along with other dogs, and are loyal.

Exercise

They need around an hour of exercise daily, with walks, play and climbing. They are surprisingly athletic and enjoy hiking. They are escape artists and can scale fences, so secure fencing matters.

Training

They are intelligent and willing but can be independent. Use positive methods and short sessions. Early socialization is important. Teach a reliable recall in secure areas. See recall training guide.

Coat and grooming

The double coat needs brushing a couple of times a week and more during seasonal shedding. See double coat dog grooming guide. Trim nails often, including the extra toes. Clean ears and brush teeth.

Health considerations

The breed has a very small gene pool and well-known health concerns. Topics include:

• Lundehund syndrome, a gastrointestinal condition involving poor protein absorption and chronic diarrhea. Veterinary guidance is essential
• Pancreatitis. See pancreatitis in dogs
• Inherited disorders such as protein-losing enteropathy
• Dental problems
• Eye and joint problems

Living with a Norwegian Lundehund

They suit active, informed owners with secure homes. They are not for first-time owners who are unprepared for medical management.

A typical day

A Lundehund's day includes a walk, some climbing and play, then rest. They like to explore and are agile indoors. They enjoy human company.

Puppies and the first year

Puppies are bold and agile. Begin socialization, handling and training early. Puppy-proof the home. See puppy socialization checklist.

Costs and commitment

Plan for veterinary care, special diets and secure fencing. See dog vet cost guide.

Seasons and travel

They tolerate cold well, but need care in heat. They travel well when secured.

Common mistakes

Common mistakes include ignoring digestive symptoms, weak fencing and overlooking genetic diversity.

Choosing a puppy or adult

Talk to national breed clubs. Ask about the pedigree, health records and the breeder's approach to Lundehund syndrome. Expect a wait.

Conservation and responsibility

Because the population is so small, responsible breeders work with breed clubs to manage diversity. Buyers should expect to be interviewed, sign agreements and keep in touch with the breeder, since the whole breed's future depends on careful choices.

Is it the right breed for you?

A Lundehund suits experienced, committed owners who accept the health risks and want a rare, agile spitz. It may not suit those wanting a low-risk pet. For a more common Nordic dog, see the Norwegian Buhund.

The takeaway

Norwegian Lundehunds are rare, agile and charming, and they need informed care and secure fencing.